By Matthew Dean
Introduction
Spider lifts are designed to provide safe and flexible access to areas where conventional access equipment may struggle to operate. Their tracked chassis, adjustable outriggers and articulated booms allow them to work in restricted spaces, on uneven ground and, where the machine is suitable, inside buildings with limited access.
However, spider lifts come with their own terminology. If you are considering spider lift hire for the first time, comparing machines or planning a work-at-height project, understanding these terms can make it much easier to choose the right equipment. Knowing the key specifications can also help you choose the right machine for your site, access requirements and working height.
If you are unsure which spider lift is suitable, provide the hire company with as much information as possible about the site, access route, working height, required outreach and ground conditions. If you are planning spider lift hire, these details can help the hire company recommend a machine that is suitable for your project. AFI Rentals can help customers identify a suitable access solution based on their project requirements.
What Is a Spider Lift?
A spider lift is a type of Mobile Elevating Work Platform (MEWP) mounted on a tracked undercarriage. Instead of relying on four wheels like some conventional mobile platforms, a spider lift uses tracks and deployable outriggers to provide a stable working platform.
Spider lifts are particularly useful where access is restricted or where the working area includes uneven terrain, narrow entrances, slopes or sensitive surfaces.
Depending on the model, a spider lift can provide significant vertical height and horizontal outreach while maintaining a relatively compact footprint. The correct machine should always be selected according to the actual site conditions, required height, outreach, ground conditions, access restrictions and load requirements.
1. Spider Lift
A spider lift is a tracked MEWP designed to provide elevated access in locations where conventional access platforms may not be suitable.
The tracked design helps the machine travel across certain types of terrain, while its outriggers can be deployed at the working position to provide stability.
Spider lifts are commonly used for building maintenance, construction work, tree surgery, roofing and façade work, window cleaning, facilities management, industrial maintenance, installation work, and inspection and repair work.
2. MEWP
MEWP stands for Mobile Elevating Work Platform.
It is the wider industry term for equipment designed to lift people to an elevated working position. Spider lifts, boom lifts and scissor lifts are examples of powered access equipment, although their designs and capabilities differ.
A spider lift is particularly useful when a project requires vertical access, horizontal outreach, access around obstacles, a compact machine footprint or operation in restricted areas.
3. Working Height
Working height is the approximate maximum height a person can reach while working from the platform.
Working height is not the same as platform height. A machine with a platform height of 20m may have a working height greater than 20m because the calculation allows for the operator's reach above the platform.
When hiring a spider lift, establish the actual height of the work area and compare it with the machine's specified working height.
4. Platform Height
Platform height is the vertical height of the basket or working platform above the ground.
This is different from working height. Platform height tells you how high the basket itself reaches, while working height accounts for the operator's working reach.
Simple way to remember it: Platform height = height of the basket. Working height = approximate maximum height the operator can work at.
5. Outreach
Outreach refers to the horizontal distance the boom and basket can reach away from the machine.
This is particularly important when the work is not directly above the machine. A spider lift with sufficient horizontal outreach may be able to position the basket over an obstacle and reach the work area.
A machine may have enough height but still be unsuitable if it cannot provide the required horizontal reach.
6. Negative Reach
Negative reach describes the ability of the boom to position the basket below the level of the machine's base or ground position.
This can be useful for bridge inspections, working below balconies, accessing lower sections of structures, working around retaining walls and reaching underneath structures.
Not every spider lift has the same negative-reach capability, so it should be checked against the manufacturer's specifications before hiring.
7. Outriggers
Outriggers are stabilising legs that extend from the spider lift when it is positioned for work.
Before elevating the platform, the machine must be positioned and stabilised according to the manufacturer's instructions. The operator and site team also need to consider ground strength, slopes, excavations, underground voids, drainage channels, kerbs, edges and nearby structures.
8. Spreader Pads
Spreader pads are placed underneath outriggers to distribute the load over a larger area.
They can be particularly important on soft ground, tarmac, block paving, grass, suspended surfaces or potentially fragile floors.
The correct size and type of outrigger pad depends on the machine, ground conditions and manufacturer's requirements.
9. Ground Pressure
Ground pressure refers to the force that the machine applies to the surface on which it is operating.
Spider lifts are often selected for projects where reducing surface loading is important. However, low ground pressure does not mean that a spider lift can operate safely on every surface.
Machine weight, outrigger configuration, surface construction and ground-bearing capacity all need to be considered.
10. Track Width
Track width is the overall width of the tracked undercarriage.
This specification is important when the spider lift needs to pass through a doorway, gate, narrow corridor, alley or restricted access route.
Always measure the narrowest point of the access route, not just the entrance itself.
11. Asymmetric Outriggers
Asymmetric outriggers allow stabilisers to be positioned differently on each side of the machine.
This can be useful where a wall, vehicle, building or other obstruction prevents the outriggers from being deployed symmetrically.
The allowable configuration depends on the individual machine. Operators must follow the manufacturer's instructions and load charts.
12. IPAF
IPAF stands for the International Powered Access Federation.
IPAF provides training and guidance for people who use powered access equipment. Its operator training leads to a PAL Card (Powered Access Licence) for successful candidates.
The appropriate training category depends on the machine and course selected. Operators also need to understand the controls, stability, limitations, hazards and safe operating procedures associated with the equipment.
13. LOLER
LOLER stands for the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998.
LOLER applies to lifting equipment used at work and places duties on those responsible for equipment and lifting operations.
Applicable lifting equipment is subject to thorough examination by a competent person at appropriate intervals. A LOLER thorough examination is not simply the same thing as a routine pre-use check; operators still need to carry out appropriate checks before using a machine.
14. SWL
SWL means Safe Working Load.
On a spider lift, this relates to the maximum permitted load that can safely be supported under the relevant operating configuration. The load can include operators, tools, equipment and other permitted items.
Always follow the manufacturer's load chart and machine instructions. The permitted load can vary depending on the machine's configuration and operating envelope.
15. Familiarisation
Familiarisation is machine-specific instruction that helps an operator understand how to safely use a particular model.
It can cover machine controls, emergency controls, stabiliser operation, boom functions, platform controls, safety systems, emergency lowering and machine-specific operating limitations.
Being trained to operate one type of MEWP does not automatically mean an operator knows every machine in a hire fleet.
16. Telematics
Telematics refers to technology that collects and communicates information about a machine remotely.
Depending on the equipment and telematics system, information may include machine location, operating hours, usage information, battery or fuel information and fault information.
For rental companies, telematics can support fleet management, maintenance planning and machine utilisation.
17. Jib
A jib is a smaller articulated section attached towards the end of the main boom.
It provides additional positioning flexibility and can help the operator place the basket more accurately around obstacles.
A jib can be particularly useful when working around buildings, reaching over obstacles, positioning close to façades or working among tree branches.
18. Basket Rotation
Basket rotation refers to the ability of the platform or basket to rotate independently.
This allows the operator to change the basket's orientation without necessarily repositioning the entire machine. It can be useful when working along building façades, around structural obstacles, near roofs, among trees or in confined work areas.
19. Self-Drive Hire
Self-drive hire means the customer hires the machine without a supplied operator.
The customer is responsible for providing a suitably trained and competent operator who can safely use the equipment.
Self-drive can provide flexibility for contractors and businesses that already have trained powered-access personnel.
20. Operated Hire
Operated hire means the access machine is supplied with a qualified operator.
This can be useful when a customer does not have an appropriately trained operator available or when the project requires specialist experience.
It can be particularly useful for specialist access projects, complex sites, high-level maintenance, tree work, industrial applications and projects with difficult access requirements.
How These Spider Lift Terms Work Together
Understanding individual terms is useful, but the real benefit comes from understanding how they relate to one another when selecting a machine.
For a building façade project, first establish the working height. Then determine the required outreach. If the work area is below the machine's operating level, negative reach may also be relevant.
Next, check site access and compare the machine's track width with the narrowest access point. Then consider ground pressure, outriggers and spreader pads.
Confirm the required SWL based on the number of people, tools and permitted materials. Finally, consider operator competence, IPAF training, familiarisation, inspection requirements and the machine's operating instructions.
This is why choosing a spider lift should be based on the whole site requirement rather than simply selecting the machine with the greatest working height.
How to Choose the Right Spider Lift for Your Project
| Specification | What To Check | Why it Matters |
| Working Height | Check the maximum working height required for the job | Ensures the spider lift can safely reach the required work area. |
| Outreach | Measure the horizontal distance from the machine position to the work area. | Helps confirm the machine can reach over obstacles or across gaps. |
| Width | Check the machine's overall width and the narrowest access point. | Ensures the spider lift can enter the site, building or restricted area. |
| Weight | Check the machine's operating weight and the load-bearing capacity of the surface. | Helps determine whether the machine is suitable for the intended ground or floor. |
| Ground Conditions | Assess the surface, slopes, soft ground, edges and other potential hazards. | Helps ensure the machine can be positioned and stabilised safely. |
| SWL | Check the Safe Working Load against the combined weight of operators, tools and permitted materials. | Prevents the platform from being overloaded during operation. |
Before hiring a spider lift, establish:
1. How high you need to work.
2. How far out you need to reach.
3. Whether the machine can physically reach the site.
4. What the ground conditions are.
5. Whether there is sufficient space for outriggers and spreader pads.
6. What load will be carried in the basket?
7. Whether a jib or additional positioning flexibility is required.
8. Whether self-drive or operated hire is more appropriate.
Consider doorways, gates, corridors, access roads, turning areas, narrow sections, slopes and the intended working surface.
Need Help Choosing the Right Spider Lift?
Selecting the right spider lift depends on several factors, including working height, outreach, access restrictions, ground conditions and site requirements.
AFI Rentals can help you identify the most suitable powered access solution for your project. Whether you need equipment for maintenance, construction, tree work or specialist access applications, our team can provide expert guidance.
Contact AFI Rentals today to discuss your spider lift hire requirements and request a quote.
Spider Lift Safety: What Should You Check Before Work Starts?
Spider lifts are highly capable machines, but their capabilities must be matched to site conditions.
A sensible pre-start process should include confirming the correct machine, checking working height and outreach, assessing ground conditions, identifying overhead hazards, checking access and egress, establishing an exclusion zone, checking the machine before use, confirming operator competence, checking documentation and examination status, setting up outriggers according to manufacturer instructions, using suitable spreader pads where required, confirming basket load remains within the permitted SWL, completing machine-specific familiarisation and following the manufacturer's operating instructions.
Spider Lift Hire: Self-Drive or Operated Hire?
Self-drive can suit businesses with appropriately trained operators. It provides direct control over the machine and can work well for contractors carrying out regular access work.
Operated hire can be preferable when you need a qualified operator supplied with the machine. It can be particularly useful for specialist or technically demanding access projects.
The right choice depends on the equipment, site and competence available for the job.
Why Spider Lifts Are Useful for Restricted Access
One of the biggest advantages of a spider lift is its ability to combine compact dimensions with significant working height.
A conventional access machine may struggle to enter a building through a narrow doorway or operate in a confined courtyard. A compact tracked spider lift can sometimes provide a solution where access is narrow, the working area is difficult to reach, the surface requires careful consideration, the work is indoors, horizontal outreach is required or there are obstacles around the working area.
Every site is different, so machine dimensions and access requirements should always be checked before booking.
FAQs
What does spider lift mean?
A spider lift is a tracked MEWP with deployable outriggers designed to provide elevated access in restricted, uneven or difficult-to-access locations.
What is the difference between working height and platform height?
Platform height is the height of the basket above the ground. Working height is the approximate maximum height an operator can work at from the platform.
What is outreach on a spider lift?
Outreach is the horizontal distance the basket can reach from the machine.
What are spider lift outriggers used for?
Outriggers are stabilising legs deployed when the machine is set up for work.
What are spreader pads?
Spreader pads are placed beneath outriggers to distribute loads over a larger surface area where required.
What does SWL mean on a spider lift?
SWL means Safe Working Load and refers to the permitted load for the machine's relevant operating configuration.
Do spider lift operators need IPAF training?
Appropriate operator training is important for MEWP operation. IPAF provides MEWP operator training and PAL Card certification for successful candidates.
What is LOLER on a spider lift?
LOLER is the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998. Applicable lifting equipment must meet relevant requirements, including thorough examination by a competent person at appropriate intervals.
What is familiarisation?
Familiarisation is machine-specific instruction that helps an operator understand the controls, safety systems and operating characteristics of a particular machine.
Is self-drive or operated spider lift hire better?
It depends on the project. Self-drive can suit businesses with appropriately trained operators, while operated hire provides a supplied operator.
Can spider lifts be used indoors?
Some spider lifts are suitable for indoor applications, particularly compact models with appropriate power systems, dimensions and non-marking tracks. The suitability of the machine and floor must always be assessed.
How do I choose the right spider lift?
Consider working height, platform height, outreach, access width, ground conditions, outrigger requirements, SWL, power type and operator requirements before selecting a machine.
Conclusion
Choosing the right spider lift starts with understanding the requirements of your project. Working height, outreach, access width, ground conditions, SWL and outrigger setup can all affect which machine is suitable.
It is also important to consider operator training, machine familiarisation and the required safety checks before work begins. The right equipment, proper planning and competent operation can help make work at height safer and more efficient.
If you are unsure which spider lift is suitable for your project, provide the hire company with details about your site, access route, working height, outreach and ground conditions. AFI Rentals can help you find a suitable access solution for your requirements.
